The kidneys in inflammatory bowel disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
Extraintestinal manifestations and complications are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and can involve almost any organ or system. Renal or urinary complications occur in 4-23% of patients, often in those with severe long-standing disease (Tables 1, 2). The most common manifestations are kidney stones, enterovesical fistulas and ureteral obstruction. Fistulas between the gastrointestinal tract and the urinary system are uncommon, occuring in 1-8%, being more common in patients with ileal or ileocecal disease than in those with colonic disease. Ureteral obstruction is not caused by stones in 50-73% of cases of CD and in 50% of cases of UC. This non-calculus obstruction (NCO) is on the right in the great majority of patients. Genital inSUMMARY
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